Inganda za LED ninganda zigihugu zigenda zitera imbere, kandi urumuri rwa LED nisoko ritanga icyizere gishya mu kinyejana cya 21, ariko kubera ko tekinoroji ya LED ikiri mubyiciro byiterambere bikomeza gukura, inganda ziracyafite ibibazo byinshi bijyanye nubwiza bwurumuri? ibiranga, iyi mpapuro izahuza ibitekerezo nibikorwa, isesengura uko ibintu bimeze ubu LED nicyerekezo cyiterambere kizaza, bitezimbere iterambere ryiza ryinganda za LED.

LED inganda ziterambere niterambere

a.Uhereye kubireba ibicuruzwa, urumuri rwa LED rwinjiye mugihe gikuze cyane.

Kugeza ubu, amatara ya LED, haba mu matara yo hanze, cyangwa mu muriro w’ubucuruzi, yinjira ku kigero giteye ubwoba.

Ariko kuri iki cyiciro, urumuri rwimbere mu gihugu rushobora gusobanurwa nkumufuka uvanze, urwego rwo hasi, ibicuruzwa bito bito bya LED bishobora kugaragara ahantu hose.Amatara ya LED aracyafite imbaraga zo kuzigama ingufu, kurengera ibidukikije no kuramba kwamatara.Kubwibyo, ibi kandi biganisha ku benshi mu bakora amatara ya LED kugirango bakurikirane imikorere yumucyo mwinshi kandi irushanwa ridahenze, mugihe birengagije LED kubuzima bwabantu no guhumurizwa hamwe nubwenge bwubwenge bwibikorwa byo murwego rwohejuru.

b.Nihehe cyerekezo kizaza cyinganda za LED?

Gukoresha urumuri bizakomeza gutera imbere hamwe nudushya twikoranabuhanga, aribwo buryo byanze bikunze iterambere ryibicuruzwa, mugihe cyamatara ayobowe na LED, kubera ko isoko yumucyo ifite plastike zitandukanye, gukurikirana ubuziranenge bwumucyo nabyo biratera imbere.

Urebye muri rusange, inganda za LED kuri ubu ziri mu iterambere ryihuse, nta guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga biganisha ku nganda zagize uruhare mu ntambara y’ibiciro, mu ntambara y’ibiciro igenda yera cyane, bigatuma isoko ryiza, rifite ubwenge n’ibindi icyerekezo.

“Umucyo” ni iki?

Mubihe byashize, amatara ya LED yaka, akora neza, kandi nibindi, ni itara ryiza.Muri iki gihe, hamwe nigitekerezo cyo kumurika icyatsi kandi gishinze imizi mumitima yabantu, igipimo cyibisobanuro byubwiza buhebuje bwumucyo cyarahindutse.

a.Icyiciro cyo gutsinda kubwinshi cyararangiye, kandi igihe cyo gutsinda kubwiza kirageze.

Iyo dukorera abakiriya ba Amerika ya ruguru, twasanze ibyo basabwa kugirango urumuri rwa LED rugenda rwiyongera.Komisiyo ishinzwe amatara muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru IES yasobanuye uburyo bushya bwo gusuzuma TM-30 ku bushobozi bwo gutanga amabara y’isoko ry’umucyo, itanga ibipimo bibiri bishya by’ibizamini Rf na Rg, byerekana neza ko bagenzi babo mpuzamahanga barimo guteza imbere ubushakashatsi bw’urumuri rwa LED.Blue King izahita yinjiza ubwo buryo bwo gusuzuma mubushinwa, kugirango abashinwa bashobore kwishimira byimazeyo urumuri rwiza rwa LED.

TM-30 igereranya ibara 99 ryamabara, ryerekana amabara atandukanye asanzwe ashobora kugaragara mubuzima (kuva yuzura kugeza adahaze, kuva mumucyo kugeza mwijimye)

Imbonerahamwe ya TM-30

b.Gusa gukurikirana urumuri rwiza LED urumuri rushobora guhumuriza abakoresha.

Ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge bwa LED kubera kwibanda ku buzima, kwerekana-hejuru, ingaruka zifatika zo kumurika, kubicuruzwa bitandukanye kugirango uhitemo ubushyuhe bukwiye bwamabara, n'amatara kugirango abone anti-glare, agenzure ingaruka zubururu bwuzuye ubururu, hamwe na sisitemu yubwenge. kugenzura amatara, kugirango uhuze abakire kandi batandukanye bafite ubwenge bwo kugenzura.

c.KUBONA urumuri

Bitandukanye na luminaire gakondo ikunda kunanirwa gutungurwa kugirango ikomeze gukora, LED luminaire ntishobora gutsindwa gitunguranye.Hamwe na LED yo gukora, hazabaho kubora.Ikizamini cya LM-80 nuburyo nuburyo bwo gusuzuma igipimo cyo gufata neza urumuri rwa LED.

Binyuze muri raporo ya LM-80, urashobora kwerekana ubuzima bwa LED, muri IES LM-80-08 isanzwe Yagizwe Lumen Kubungabunga Ubuzima;L70 (amasaha): yerekana ko urumuri rutanga urumuri rwangirika kugeza 70% bya lumens yambere yakoreshejwe igihe;L90 (amasaha): yerekana ko urumuri rutanga urumuri rwangirika kugeza 90% bya lumens yambere yakoreshejwe igihe.

d.Ibipimo byerekana amabara menshi

Ibara ryerekana amabara nuburyo bwingenzi bwo gusuzuma ibara ryerekana amasoko yumucyo, kandi ni nacyo kintu cyingenzi cyo gupima ibara riranga urumuri rwubukorikori, rwerekanwa na Ra / CRI.

Ra, R9 na R15

Igipimo rusange cyerekana amabara Ra ni impuzandengo ya R1 kugeza kuri R8, naho ibara ryerekana amabara CRI ni ikigereranyo cya RI-R14.Ntabwo dushishikajwe gusa no kwerekana ibara rusange ryerekana ibara Ra, ahubwo tunitondera urutonde rwihariye rwo gutanga amabara R9 kumutuku wuzuye, hamwe nibisobanuro byihariye byerekana amabara R9-R12 kumabara atukura, umuhondo, icyatsi nubururu byuzuye, twizera ko aya ibipimo byerekana neza urumuri rwiza rwa LED, kandi kubucuruzi bwurumuri rwubucuruzi, gusa mugihe ibyo bipimo bifite agaciro gakomeye birashobora kwemeza ibara ryinshi rya LED.

Mubisanzwe, hejuru agaciro, niko wegera ibara ryizuba ryizuba, niko wegera ibara ryumwimerere ikintu kimurikirwa.LED yamurika hamwe nibisobanuro byerekana amabara menshi mubisanzwe byatoranijwe mubikorwa byo kumurika.Ibicuruzwa bitangwa na Blue View mubisanzwe bifata CRI> 95 ukurikije ibyo umukiriya abisaba, bishobora rwose kugarura ibara ryibicuruzwa mumuri, kugirango bigere kumunezeza ijisho no gukangurira abantu guhaha.

e.Umucyo utangaje

Mu 1984, Umuryango wa Illuminating Engineering Society wo muri Amerika ya Ruguru wasobanuye urumuri nko kumva uburakari, kutamererwa neza cyangwa gutakaza imikorere igaragara mu murima ugaragara uterwa no kumurika birenze ijisho rishobora kumenyera.Ukurikije ingaruka, urumuri rushobora kugabanywamo urumuri rutameze neza, urumuri rumeze nk'urumuri hamwe n'urumuri.

LED numubare munini wa pisine ya silindrike cyangwa serefegitura, kubera uruhare rwa lens ya convex, ifite icyerekezo gikomeye, imbaraga zumucyo hamwe nuburyo butandukanye bwa pake nuburemere biterwa nicyerekezo cyerekezo: giherereye mubyerekezo bisanzwe byumucyo mwinshi, inguni yo guhuza indege itambitse kuri 90. mugihe itandukanije nicyerekezo gisanzwe cyinguni zitandukanye, ubukana bwurumuri nabwo burahinduka.ibiranga ingingo yumucyo isoko ya LED.Kugirango urumuri rwa LED rutanga urumuri rufite urumuri rwinshi kandi ibibazo bibengerana bibaho.Ugereranije n'amatara yaka, amatara ya fluorescent, amatara ya sodium yumuvuduko mwinshi nandi matara gakondo, icyerekezo cya fibre optique cyamatara ya LED cyibanze cyane kandi gikunda kubyara urumuri rutameze neza.

f. Ibara ryoroshye

Hamwe no gukundwa na LED, LED yubururu bwubururu cyangwa urumuri rwubururu rwabaye ikibazo abantu bose bagomba guhura nogukemura, kandi mubikorwa bya luminaire nabyo ntibisanzwe.

Ibipimo bishya by’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi biteganya ko niba luminaire irimo LED, amatara ya halide y’amatara hamwe n’amatara yihariye ya tungsten halogen adashobora gusonerwa isuzuma ry’ibyago bya retina bigomba gusuzumwa hakurikijwe IEC / EN62778: 2012 “Umutekano wa Photobiologique w’umucyo na luminaire kuri isuzuma ryimvune yubururu bwubururu ", kandi ntibikwiye gukoresha amasoko yumucyo hamwe nitsinda ryubururu bwubururu burenze RG2.

Mu bihe biri imbere, tuzabona ibigo byinshi kandi byinshi, ntabwo bitanga ibicuruzwa byamatara ya LED gusa, kandi ntituzibanda kubipimo byihariye byibicuruzwa, ariko dushobora gutekereza uburyo bwo kuzamura ubwiza bwurumuri rushingiye kumurongo wagaciro uva mubikorwa kugeza muri rusange kumenya ibyifuzo.Muburyo bwo kuzamura, kumurika ubushobozi bwo gushushanya, ubushobozi bwo gutunganya ibicuruzwa, kimwe no gushiraho no kunoza ubushobozi bwihuse bwo gusubiza, nikibazo ibigo bigomba guhura nabyo.